Sleep deprivation significantly affects various brain functions, including memory, emotion and attention regulation, information processing speed, and insight. Even short-term sleep deprivation can impair these functions. In particular, sleep plays a crucial role in the formation and strengthening of memories.

Sleep also helps to remove toxic waste that accumulates in the brain during the day. The accumulation of these toxic proteins is associated with the onset of Alzheimer’s disease. In other words, sleep deprivation is closely linked to cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia, as many reports suggest.

Additionally, sleep deprivation is often associated with mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression, showing high comorbidity.

Sleep and the immune system are closely related. During sleep, immune functions and important proteins related to inflammation, known as cytokines, increase. Immune regulation aids in wound healing, recovery, and fighting infections.

Deep sleep helps maintain the balance of the immune defense system, thereby enhancing immune function.

Sleep plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. Additionally, sleep can influence diet and physical activity levels. When we do not get enough sleep, our bodies crave carbohydrates, leading to daytime fatigue and drowsiness. This reduces the motivation to exercise and can decrease performance during physical activity.

As a result, the risk of heart metabolic diseases can increase, including obesity, hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels), diabetes, and hypertension. In particular, getting less than 7 hours of sleep per night can lead to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases.