Centuries later, Dr. Gustav Zander, a Russian physician and inventor, introduced a more structured approach to vibration therapy. In 1867, he developed a mechanized system using weights and pulleys for therapeutic use. In 1895, Dr. John Harvey Kellogg, known for his innovations in health care, designed a vibrating chair, claiming it could stimulate circulation and relieve constipation. He also experimented with light therapy chambers to enhance blood flow.

By the mid-20th century, space exploration brought new attention to vibration therapy. Russian scientists discovered that astronauts in zero gravity suffered from earlier bone loss and fractures than normal rates. To counteract these effects, they implemented vibration therapy – a practice NASA continues to use today to prevent bone density loss in astronauts.

As technology evolved, Italian physiologist Dr. Carmelo Bosco pioneered the development of the first modern vibration exercise machine. Bosco was a leading sports physiologist in Italy, a researcher at the Sports Biology Laboratory at Jyvaskyla University in Finland, and the director of the Biomechanics and Physiology Laboratory at the Kuortane Sports Institute. He published over 200 scientific papers, focusing on muscle mechanics, mechanical force measurements, and vibration as a training method.

In the early 1980s, Bosco developed a series of tests known as the “Bosco Tests,” which are now a standard in muscle performance assessments globally. Based on his research on muscle mechanics and pre-workout stretching, he developed the EgoJump System. This system introduced a non-invasive way to measure muscle power output and muscle activity, and was followed by the Ergo-Power and Muscle-Lab systems.

Later on, as a full professor at Semmelweis University in Budapest, Bosco collaborated with Atko Viru on hormone and exercise research. His final work led to the Neuromuscular Mechanical Stimulation (NEMES) system, which demonstrates how vibration technology could enhance muscle strength and overall health.