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Reference

Autoimmune

Autoimmune- Relieves Inflammation in Arthritis



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WB-PBM Therapy
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
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Hydrogen Therapy
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Photobiomodulation ameliorates inflammatory parameters in fibroblast-like synoviocytes and experimental animal models of rheumatoid arthritis
Photobiomodulation (PBM) using 610 nm LED light suppresses inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress, significantly lowering arthritis scores, cytokine levels, and autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis models.
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What Did They Discover?
610 nm LED PBM reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) derived from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. In collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice, PBM significantly decreased joint swelling, arthritis scores, and collagen-specific autoantibodies, while histological analysis showed reduced cartilage destruction and synovial thickening. When combined with methotrexate (MTX), the therapeutic effect was even stronger than either treatment alone.
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How Does It Work?
PBM inhibited the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling cascade, reducing the expression of inflammatory genes. It also suppressed activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome (ASC, caspase-1), lowering the production of IL-1β and IL-18. Consequently, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17) decreased, while anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-10, TGF-β) increased. ROS accumulation in joint tissues was markedly reduced, alleviating oxidative stress.
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Why Does It Matter?
PBM provides a non-invasive, drug-free therapy that can control both inflammation and tissue destruction. Its synergistic action with MTX suggests that combining light therapy with conventional medication could enhance RA management and patient outcomes.

Key Mechanisms

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Irradiation parameters: in vitro 610 nm (5–10 mW/cm², 20 min); in vivo 10 mW/cm² for 40 min/day × 2 weeks
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Main inhibitory pathway: TLR4 → MyD88 → NF-κB → NLRP3 → IL-1β/IL-18
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Oxidative stress reduction: lowered ROS and downregulated bone-resorption genes (Mmp9, Ctsk, etc.)
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Outcomes: arthritis scores ↓ · swelling ↓ · autoantibodies ↓ · cartilage protection ↑
Conclusion
610 nm LED photobiomodulation suppresses key inflammatory and oxidative pathways, offering a promising non-invasive therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis.